A free body diagram consist of a diagrammatic representation of a single body or subsystem of bodies isolated from its surroundings but shown under action of force and moment due to external action.
For example :
A book lying flat on a table.
The book exerts its weight on the table and table exerts its own weight as well as transmits the weight of the book on the ground.
Use of FBD :
1. The problems involving equilibrium of bodies under any system of force can be simplified by drawing free body diagram separately.
2. All equation of equilibrium can be applied to each free body diagram.
3. The unknown forces of equilibrium of each body can be obtained very easily.
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